Hedayat Abbastabar; Sama Bitarafan; Mohammad Hossein Harirchian
Volume 18, Issue 3 , August 2019, , Pages 134-142
Abstract
Neurological disease contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality in different ages and geographic areas around the world. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) trend of neurological disease in Iran during 27 years ago. We ...
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Neurological disease contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality in different ages and geographic areas around the world. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) trend of neurological disease in Iran during 27 years ago. We used the data of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study to estimate the incidence and DALYs of neurological disease in Iran in different age groups between 1990 and 2017. Age groups were defined in 5 groups including < 5 years, 5-14 years, 15-49 years, 50-69 years, and ≥ 70 years. The incidence number of neurological disease during 1990 to 2017 increased from 7.5 million to more than 12 million and the incidence rate grew as much as 1400 per 100000 populations in Iran. Totally, headache, epilepsy, and Alzheimer were the most common neurological diseases according to incidence and had the most values of DALY in Iran. The highest incidence and DALY of neurological disease was observed in the age group of 15-49 years. This study showed that the incidence and burden of neurological diseases had a dramatic increasing trend during 27 years ago in Iran. Consequently, it is necessary to investigate the causes of the growing trend in future studies.
Rozita Doosti; Mansoureh Togha; Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi; Aida Aghsaei; Amir Reza Azimi; Saeideh Khorramnia; Zahra Moinfar; Fereshteh Ensani; Mohammad Hossein Harirchian; Alireza Minagar; Mohammad Ali Sahraian
Volume 17, Issue 2 , April 2018, , Pages 64-70
Abstract
Background: Since most patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) are women, the present study aimed to determine whether treatment of patients with MS by cytotoxic agents is associated with an increased risk of cervical dysplasia. Cancer screening is often neglected in the chronic diseases ...
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Background: Since most patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) are women, the present study aimed to determine whether treatment of patients with MS by cytotoxic agents is associated with an increased risk of cervical dysplasia. Cancer screening is often neglected in the chronic diseases such as MS, so more attention in this field was needed. Decreasing morbidity and mortality due to cervical cancer is the most important goal of screening in female MS patients especially in child bearing age. Thus, it can be said that this is the first study which investigated this important issue.
Methods: A total of 129 individuals participated in this cohort study. They were assigned into 3 groups including 43 patients with MS who were treated with cytotoxic drugs, 43 patients with MS on immunomodulators, and 43 normal healthy controls. Pap smears were performed following standard methods and the results obtained from the three groups were compared by statistical analysis. Demographic data, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and Pap smear changes were analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: The most commonly detected abnormality in all examined patients and healthy controls was inflammation. Five patients with MS who were treated with cytotoxic agents revealed benign cellular changes (BCC) in their Pap smear that were statistically significant in comparison with other groups (P = 0.03). Patients who took Mitoxantrone presented BCC more than other groups [Odds ratio (OR) = 9.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.46-60.70]. There was no significant difference between mean duration of MS diagnosis (P = 0.12), mean duration of previous MS treatments (P = 0.25), and mean duration of current MS treatments (P = 0.21) in patients with BCC compared to normal healthy controls or inflammatory change.
Conclusion: According to the results of present study, BCC is more frequently observed in patients with MS who were treated with cytotoxic agents with immunosuppressive effect. Since BCC is a ‘premalignant condition’, the authors suggest that mandatory annual Pap smear should be performed for patients with MS who are treated with cytotoxic agents irrespective of their age in order to detect early signs of malignancy.
Sama Bitarafan; Kiana Amani; Mohammad Ali Sahraian; Payam Sarraf; Danesh Soltani; Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi; Mohammad Hossein Harirchian
Volume 16, Issue 1 , January 2017, , Pages 41-42
Abstract
The first attack of multiple sclerosis presented immediat
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The first attack of multiple sclerosis presented immediat
Jalal Bakhtiyari; Payam Sarraf; Noureddin Nakhostin-Ansari; Abbas Tafakhori; Jeri Logemann; Soghrat Faghihzadeh
Volume 14, Issue 3 , July 2015, , Pages 119-124
Abstract
Background: Dysphagia is common after stroke. The onset time of swallowing rehabilitation following stroke has an important role in the recovery of dysphagia and preventing of its complications, but it was either highly variable or was not stated in previous trials. The aim of this study was investigation ...
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Background: Dysphagia is common after stroke. The onset time of swallowing rehabilitation following stroke has an important role in the recovery of dysphagia and preventing of its complications, but it was either highly variable or was not stated in previous trials. The aim of this study was investigation effects of onset time of swallowing therapy on recovery from dysphagia following stroke.Methods: Sixty dysphagia patients due to stroke range of age 60-74 (67.1 ± 3.8), participated in this randomized clinical trial study. The patients allocated in Early, Medium and Late groups, on the base of initiation of swallowing therapy after the stroke. After basic clinical and video fluoroscopic swallowing study assessments, traditional swallowing therapy was initiated 3 times per week for 3 months. The outcome measures were North-Western dysphagia patient check sheet, functional oral intake scale, video fluoroscopy, and frequency of pneumonia. Statistical analysis was done by repeated measure ANOVA, Bonferroni and χ2 tests.Results: Three groups of patients in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics were similar in the pre-treatment P > 0.050. Onset time of swallowing therapy after stroke was effective on swallowing recovery on the main outcome variables. So that in first group patients, recovery was rather than other groups P < 0.050. Furthermore, the frequency of pneumonia in the early group was less than other groups and in the early group no patients experienced pneumonia P = 0.002.Conclusion: Our data suggested that early interventions for dysphagia in stroke have an important role in recovery from dysphagia and prevention of complications like aspiration pneumonia.
Zeinab Taheri; Mohammad Hosein Harirchian; Hosein Ghanaati; Alireza Khoshnevisan; Payman Salamati; Mojtaba Miri; Kavous Firouznia; Mina Saeednejad; Madjid Shakiba; Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
Volume 14, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 22-28
Abstract
Background: Management of intracranial aneurysms has made debates about the best treatment modality in recent years. The aim of this study was to compare the interventional outcomes between two groups of patients, one treated with endovascular coiling and the other treated with surgical clipping. Methods: ...
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Background: Management of intracranial aneurysms has made debates about the best treatment modality in recent years. The aim of this study was to compare the interventional outcomes between two groups of patients, one treated with endovascular coiling and the other treated with surgical clipping. Methods: This prospective study included 48 patients with intracranial aneurysms who underwent endovascular coiling (27 patients) or surgical clipping (21 patients) from July 2011 to August 2013. A neurologist examined patients in admission and followed them by phone call 1-year after intervention.Results: Mean modified Rankin Scale (MRS) score at the time of admission in endovascular group was 2.86 ± 0.974 whereas it was 3.81 ± 1.078 in surgical clipping group (P = 0.0040). Focal neurologic signs were higher in clipping during procedures (P = 0.0310). Of 37 patients who followed up for a year, 19 were in endovascular group and 18 in surgical clipping group. At 1 year follow-up, MRS improvement was statistic lly significant in coiling group (P = 0.0090), but not in clipping group (P = 0.8750). Mean difference of MRS score at the time of admission and at one year later, was 0.947 ± 1.224 in endo vascular group and 0.111 ± 2.083 in surgical group (P = 0.3000).Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference at 1 year outcome between two groups. We recommend further interventional studies with larger sample sizes for better evaluation of the modalities.
Bahaadin Siroos; Mohammad Hossein Harirchian
Volume 13, Issue 2 , June 2014, , Pages 57-63
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) which preferentially involves young women in early child bearing age. Opposite to traditional view emphasized on discouraging female patients from enduring pregnancy, recent investigations ...
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) which preferentially involves young women in early child bearing age. Opposite to traditional view emphasized on discouraging female patients from enduring pregnancy, recent investigations showed that pregnancy-related physiological alterations, especially during the third trimester, reduce the annual relapse rate of multiple sclerosis up to 80% which is comparable with conventional disease modifying drugs. Nowadays, expert's viewpoint is that female patients should not be discouraged from having children. Nonetheless, who and when should be allowed to endure gestational period is a complex decision which should be taken for every patient individually. It necessitates that neurologists be aware of updated information regarding pregnancy-related fetal and maternal considerations in patients with MS. In this brief review, it was tried to discuss this topic according to available data and guideline-based recommendations.
Sama Bitarafan; Mohammad-Hossein Harirchian; Shahriar Nafissi; Mohammad-Ali Sahraian; Mansoureh Togha; Fereydoun Siassi; Ahmad Saedisomeolia; Elham Alipour; Nakisa Mohammadpour; Maryam Chamary; Niyaz Mohammadzadeh Honarvar; Ali-Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi
Volume 13, Issue 1 , March 2014, , Pages 28-32
Abstract
Background: The role of nutrition in the progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) and related complications such as fatigue has been reported by several studies. The aim of this study is the assessment of nutritional status and its relationship with fatigue in multiple ...
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Background: The role of nutrition in the progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) and related complications such as fatigue has been reported by several studies. The aim of this study is the assessment of nutritional status and its relationship with fatigue in multiple sclerosis patients.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, in which 101 relapsing-remitting MS patients were enrolled.The fatigue status was determined using the validated Persian version of the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS). Dietary intake was assessed using a 3-day food record questionnaire and compared to dietary reference intake (DRI) values. Association between variables was determined using Pearson Correlation Coefficient.Results: In the preset study, 25 men and 76 women (total = 101) were enrolled. Analysis of dietary intake showed that daily intake of vitamin D, folate, calcium, and magnesium were significantly lower than DRI in all of patients. In men, zinc intake was significantly lower than DRI; while, in women, iron was significantly below the DRI level. After adjusting for energy, MFIS and its physical subscale were highly correlated with intake of folate and magnesium.Conclusion: Our findings support that lower magnesium and folate diets are correlated with higher fatigue scores in MS patients.
Majid Ghaffarpour; Hossein Pakdaman; Mohammad Hossein Harirchian; Hossein-Ali Ghelichnia Omrani; Mojdeh Ghabaee; Babak Zamani; Parviz Bahrami; Bahaadin Siroos
Volume 12, Issue 4 , December 2013, , Pages 157-165
Abstract
The new-AEDs, whose developments were motivated following the discovery of the valproate and its marketing in the U.S in 1978, have presented more therapeutic options. There are approximately twenty four FDA-approved antiepileptic drugs for use in patients with epilepsy, five of which were identified ...
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The new-AEDs, whose developments were motivated following the discovery of the valproate and its marketing in the U.S in 1978, have presented more therapeutic options. There are approximately twenty four FDA-approved antiepileptic drugs for use in patients with epilepsy, five of which were identified and have come on to the market between 2009 and 2012. The new-AEDs are of interest, not due to their efficacy, but rather owing to better tolerance, favorable pharmacokinetic profile, fewer interactions, and in some instances, lesser protein binding. No standard AED or those in developing have all properties of an ideal antiepileptic drug, thus to achieve desirable outcome, physicians should be aware of pharmacokinetics (PKs) and pharmacodynamics (PDs) of drugs. This review describes briefly the major features of the new AEDs.
Abbas Tafakhori; Mohammad Salehi Sadaghiani; Mohammad Hossein Harirchian; Zeinab Taheri; Vajiheh Aghamollaii
Volume 11, Issue 3 , September 2012, , Pages 115-117
Abstract
Background: Paget's disease is a focal bone disorder manifested as bone overgrowth and disrupted bone integrity as a result of accelerated bone remodelling rate. Rarely, Paget's disease of the base of the skull results in hydrocephalic dementia, and the triad of normal pressure hydrocephalus syndrome ...
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Background: Paget's disease is a focal bone disorder manifested as bone overgrowth and disrupted bone integrity as a result of accelerated bone remodelling rate. Rarely, Paget's disease of the base of the skull results in hydrocephalic dementia, and the triad of normal pressure hydrocephalus syndrome is a much more scarce entity.Case Report: Herein, we report an elderly woman who presented in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran, with normal pressure hydrocephalus syndrome due to Paget's bone disease. Furthermore, we have reviewed relevant previous studies.Conclusion: Paget's disease can be presented as normal pressure hydrocephalus syndrome.
Mahboobeh Yaghoobi; Mohammad Hossein Harirchian; Kavous Firouznia; Somayeh Behzadi; Hassan Hashemi; Hossein Ghanaati; Madjid Shakiba; Amir Hossein Jalali; Shahrzad Mohebbi
Volume 11, Issue 2 , June 2012, , Pages 42-46
Abstract
Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the standard method for observing brain plaques and contrast material injection is necessary for demonstrating the active plaque.This study compared the rate of enhancement of plaques with Gadovist and Magnevist in relapse phase of MS.Methods: In this double ...
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Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the standard method for observing brain plaques and contrast material injection is necessary for demonstrating the active plaque.This study compared the rate of enhancement of plaques with Gadovist and Magnevist in relapse phase of MS.Methods: In this double blind study, after neurological examination of 62 patients in the attack phase of MS, two consecutive MRIs were performed with Gadovist and Magnevist with 48 hours interval. The two contrast materials were injected in first and second imaging randomly and the reporting radiologist was blind about the contrast material.Results: With both contrast materials, the probability of enhancement of supratentorial plaques was higher than the infratentorial ones. The probability of observing a symptomatic infratentorial enhanced plaque was higher than the supratentorial region and when the symptoms were due to supratentorial lesions, the corresponding enhanced plaque was more probable. It was detected that the number of enhanced plaques was the highest if the imaging was performed in the second week after the relapse, although there was no statistically significant difference when the imaging was done within the first month after the beginning of the symptoms.Conclusion: It seems that both Magnevist and Gadovist could be used as the contrast material to detect enhancing plaques in relapse phase of multiple sclerosis.
Abbas Tafakhori; Vajiheh Aghamollaii; Amir Hossein Modabbernia; Majid Ghaffarpour; Hossein Ali Ghelichnia Omrani; Mohammad Hossein Harirchian; Mahsa Mousavi; Parastoo Faraji
Volume 10, 1-2 , June 2011, , Pages 9-15
Abstract
Background: We evaluated the diagnostic value of Electroencephalography (EEG), video-EEG monitoring (VEM) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with epilepsy protocol in patients with complex partial epilepsy.Methods: Forty-two consecutive patients underwent complete neurological examination, ...
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Background: We evaluated the diagnostic value of Electroencephalography (EEG), video-EEG monitoring (VEM) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with epilepsy protocol in patients with complex partial epilepsy.Methods: Forty-two consecutive patients underwent complete neurological examination, EEG, and MRI with a modified epilepsy protocol. A subset of these patients (n = 29) also underwent VEM. Data were presented using descriptive statistics and were analyzed using Chi square and McNemar tests.Results: Twenty-four women and eighteen men entered the study. The mean (±SD) age for patients, was 25.2(±10.1) and mean (±SD) age at onset was 10.9(±8.1). All patients had abnormal ictal or interictal EEG. Fifteen patients had normal MRI. Temporal lobe involvement was the most common involvement in both EEG (27 patients) and MRI (14 patients). Interictal EEG was abnormal in 81% of patients which showed epileptiform discharges in about half of the cases. In half of patients who had lateralized finding on MRI, site of the lesion was congruent between MRI and interictal EEG. Thirty-six patients had symptoms suggesting a specific lobe, of which interictal EEG was able to show the concordant lobe in 22 (61%) patients. McNemar test showed superiority of EEG over MRI in correct diagnosis of the involved lobe based on the clinical manifestations (P < 0.01).Conclusion: In our setting, both ictal and interictal EEG perform better than MRI in evaluating complex partial epilepsy. In addition, combination of these tools may increase the yield of showing abnormality to near 100% in patients with complex partial epilepsy.
