Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi; Omid Mirmosayyeb; Narges Ebrahimi; Mohammad Ali Sahraian; Aida Mohammadi; Mahsa Ghajarzadeh
Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between retinal layer thickness (RLT) and cognition in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The search strategy included the MeSH and text words as [“ora ...
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Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between retinal layer thickness (RLT) and cognition in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The search strategy included the MeSH and text words as [“ora serrata” OR “retina” OR (“coherence tomography” AND “optical”) OR “OCT tomography” OR (tomography AND OCT) OR “optical coherence tomography” OR “OCT” OR “retinal thickness” OR “inner plexiform layer” OR “nerve fiber layer” OR “ganglion cell layer” OR “inner nuclear layer” OR “outer plexiform layer” OR “outer nuclear layer” OR “external limiting membrane” OR “inner segment layer” OR “outer segment layer” OR “retinal pigment epithelium”] AND [“cognition”* OR “cognitive function”* OR (function* AND cognitive)] AND [(sclerosis AND multiple) OR (sclerosis AND disseminated) OR "disseminated sclerosis" OR "multiple sclerosis" OR "acute fulminating"].Results: The literature search revealed 1090 articles; after deleting duplicates, 980 remained. Finally, 14 studies were included. Totally, 1081 patients were evaluated. Mean age ranged from 31 to 55 years. In some studies, there was a correlation between cognition and retinal thickness, while others did not confirm this finding. Some authors found cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with MS with RLT.Conclusion: The results of this systematic review show that there are discrepancies between the results of studies regarding the relationship between RLT and cognition status in patients with MS. Further studies with more included original studies and meta-analysis are recommended.
Shahrzad Mortazavi; Ghazaleh Jamalipour Soufi; Fatemeh Rajabi; Sahar Akbaripour; Mohammad Reza Maracy; Majid Barekatain
Abstract
Background: Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a reversible type of dementia, which affects 0.2 to 5.9 percent of elders. It manifests with triad of gait disturbances, urinary incontinence, and cognitive decline. In this study, association between cognitive and neuroradiographic parameters of idiopathic ...
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Background: Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a reversible type of dementia, which affects 0.2 to 5.9 percent of elders. It manifests with triad of gait disturbances, urinary incontinence, and cognitive decline. In this study, association between cognitive and neuroradiographic parameters of idiopathic NPH (iNPH) was appraised to find out possible biomarkers for preventive intervention.Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 16 patients with iNPH were evaluated for third and fourth ventricle diameter, diameter of temporal horn of lateral ventricle, Evans index (EI), callosal angle (CA), callosal bowing, and ballooning of frontal horn. The Neuropsychiatry Unit Cognitive Assessment Tool (NUCOG) was used to take cognitive profile. Relation between brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indices and cognitive domains was extracted, using generalized linear model (GLM).Results: Patients with mild callosal bowing had better function in memory (P = 0.050) and language (P = 0.001) than those with moderate to severe callosal bowing. Negative or mild ballooning of frontal horn was also associated with higher scores in memory (P = 0.010), executive function (EF) (P = 0.029), and language (P = 0.036) than moderate to severe ballooning of frontal horn. Increased 3rd ventricle diameter was associated with decline in total cognition (P = 0.008), memory (P = 0.019), EF (P = 0.012), and language (P = 0.001). Relation between other radiographic indices and cognitive function was not significant.Conclusion: Third ventricular diameter, rounding of frontal horn of lateral ventricle, and callosal bowing are more accurate neuroradiographic parameters to predict cognitive decline in iNPH.
Nasim Rezaeimanesh; Roghayyeh Saeedi; Mohammad Ali Sahraian; Fereshteh Ghadiri; Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi
Abstract
Background: Cognitive dysfunction is one of the problems that patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) suffer from. We aimed to assess the association between demographic and clinical features as well as body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function in patients with NMOSD.Methods: ...
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Background: Cognitive dysfunction is one of the problems that patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) suffer from. We aimed to assess the association between demographic and clinical features as well as body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function in patients with NMOSD.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 41 patients with definite diagnosis of NMOSD. Serum status of neuromyelitis optica immunoglobulin G (NMO-IgG) was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Cognitive function was assessed by Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis (MACFIMS) battery which is validated for Persian people before and North American Adult Reading Test (NAART).Results: The mean score of NAART test was higher in participants with normal weight compared with overweight patients (40.47 ± 3.51 vs. 36.00 ± 5.74, P = 0.02). Current age was negatively correlated with Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS)-Sorting (P = 0.05, r = -0.30). The correlation of duration of disease and cognitive performance was not significant (P > 0.05). Higher physical disability based on Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was correlated with lower results in Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) (P < 0.01, r = -0.50), California Verbal Learning Test-second edition (CVLT-II)-Delayed Recall (P = 0.02, r = -0.35), and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) (P = 0.03, r = -0.33) subtests of MACFIMS. Annual relapse rate was indirectly correlated with CVLT-II (P = 0.03, r = -0.34) and CVLT-II-Delayed Recall (P = 0.01, r = -0.38). Male participants obtained better scores in Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) subtest (P = 0.05). NMO-IgG seropositive patients had poorer performance in terms of CVLT-II-Delayed Recall, Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), and D-KEFS-Descriptive (P < 0.05). Participants with bachelor and master education degrees showed significantly better results compared to those with high school degree (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Investigating the clinical and demographic factors affecting cognitive impairment can increase the awareness of health care providers for early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in patients with NMOSD and increase the quality of health services.
Soodeh Razeghi-Jahromi; Rozita Doosti; Zeinab Ghorbani; Roghayyeh Saeedi; Maryam Abolhasani; Naeemeh Akbari; Fatemeh Cheraghi-Serkani; Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi; Amirreza Azimi; Mansoureh Togha; Mohammad Ali Sahraian
Abstract
Background: Among multiple sclerosis (MS) related symptoms and complications, fatigue might impact roughly 90% of patients. Decline in cognitive function is one of the other complications that occur in the first years after disease onset. The Mediterranean diet is one of the well-known anti-inflammatory ...
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Background: Among multiple sclerosis (MS) related symptoms and complications, fatigue might impact roughly 90% of patients. Decline in cognitive function is one of the other complications that occur in the first years after disease onset. The Mediterranean diet is one of the well-known anti-inflammatory dietary approaches. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of a modified Mediterranean-like diet on cognitive changes and fatigue levels in comparison with a conventional standard diet over a 1-year follow-up. Methods: In the current single-blind randomized controlled trial, 34 MS patients in the Mediterranean- like diet group and 38 patients in the standard healthy diet group were studied for 1 year. The dietary interventions were modified each month by an expert nutritionist. MS-associated fatigue level was evaluated using the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS). Cognitive assessment was also performed using Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in MS (MACFIMS). Results: Intergroup comparisons demonstrated that after considering confounding variables in ANCOVA, fatigue scores appeared significantly lower in patients who were treated with the Mediterranean-like diet than those in the standard healthy diet group [Mean 95% confidence interval (CI)}: 33.93 (32.97-34.89) and 37.98 (36.99-38.97), respectively; P < 0.001]. However, the intergroup analysis of cognitive status only showed a difference in the mean score of Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) subtest of the MACFIMS. The BVMT-R was higher among standard healthy diet patients compared to the Mediterranean-like diet group after the intervention following adjustment for covariates [Mean (95% CI): 23.73 (21.88-25.57) and 20.56 (18.60-22.51), respectively; P = 0.020]. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of this study highlighted the higher protective effects of the Mediterranean-like diet against MS-related fatigue than the standard healthy diet. However, no significant improvement was observed in the cognitive status of MS patients after a 1-year treatment with the Mediterranean-like diet. More randomized clinical trials with larger sample sizes are needed to elucidate the effects of dietary modifications on MS-associated symptoms and complications.
Seyed Alireza Derakhshanrad; Emily Piven
Abstract
Background: The literature speculates that there may be a relationship between cognitive capacities and levels of fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), which has been under reported. This study has investigated one aspect of cognition by evaluating the association between problem-solving ability ...
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Background: The literature speculates that there may be a relationship between cognitive capacities and levels of fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), which has been under reported. This study has investigated one aspect of cognition by evaluating the association between problem-solving ability and the severity of fatigue. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was used to investigate the association between levels of problem-solving ability and degrees of fatigue severity. Eighty-five participants living in the city of Shiraz, Iran, completed Cassidy Problem-Solving Inventory (PSI) and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze the data. Results: Problem-solving was inversely associated with fatigue (r = -0.381, P = 0.009), whereby higher levels of problem-solving ability were associated with lower degrees of fatigue. Conclusion: The results of this study contributed to the ongoing debate about the linkage between cognition and fatigue in people with MS, suggesting an association between problem-solving ability and fatigue severity. A possible implication would be the importance of problem-solving training for people with MS.
