Current Journal of Neurology

Original Article

1. Comparison of ultrasound findings in Guillain-Barre syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy for differential diagnosis

Keivan Basiri; Mahsa Abdollahian; Majid Ghasemi

Volume 20, Issue 2 , Spring 2021, Pages 56-63

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v20i2.6740

Abstract

Background: Peripheral nerve ultrasound(US) has been used as a promising diagnosing technique for peripheral nerve disorders. This study aimed to compare the US findings of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Methods: This case-control study was ... Read More

Original Article

2. Factors associated with perceived social support of patients with multiple sclerosis

Aikaterin Papa; Ioannis Koutelekos; Spyridoula Stefanidou; Chrysa Chrysovitsanou; Maria Polikandrioti

Volume 20, Issue 2 , Spring 2021, Pages 64-72

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v20i2.6741

Abstract

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) which is related with unpredictable course and increasing disability. Social support as an available interpersonal resource may help patients with MS. The purposeof the present studywas to evaluate ... Read More Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) which is related with unpredictable course and increasing disability. Social support as an available interpersonal resource may help patients with MS. The purposeof the present studywas to evaluate perceived social support in patients with MS as well as the associated factors. Methods: The sample of this cross-sectional study included 200 patients with MS. Data collection was performed by the completion of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and a questionnaire which included patients' characteristics. Results: Patients reported to perceive high support from significant others and their family (median: 24.0 and 23.5, respectively) and less from their friends (median: 20). Moreover, a statistically significant association was found between social support from significant others and marital status (P = 0.010), modification of daily activities (P = 0.018), difficulties with social and family environment (P ≤ 0.001 and P ≤ 0.001, respectively), frequent urination (P = 0.015), and whether they easily forgot (P = 0.049), characterized themselves as anxious (P = 0.049), and believed in God (P = 0.002). Also, a statistically significant association was fond between social support from family and relation with health professionals (P = 0.041), difficulties with social and family environment (P = 0.003 and P ≤ 0.001, respectively), and whether they considered themselves as anxious (P = 0.050), and they believed in God (P ≤ 0.001). Furthermore, a statistically significant association was found between support from friends and modification of daily activities (P = 0.010), help in daily activities (P = 0.016), need for movement assistance (P = 0.001), difficulties with social and family environment (P ≤ 0.001 and P = 0.005, respectively), and whether they considered themselves anxious (P = 0.046). Conclusion: Factors associated with perceived social support should be evaluated when planning holistic care to patients with MS.

Original Article

3. Diagnostic value of high-frequency ultrasound in carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy: A case-control study

Zahra Mirzaasgari; Bahram Haghi-Ashtiani; Farshid Refaiean; Farzan Vahedifard; Amir Sina Homayooni; Mahsa Sobhkhiz

Volume 20, Issue 2 , Spring 2021, Pages 73-77

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v20i2.6742

Abstract

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most prevalent entrapment syndrome in the upper limbs, for which pregnancy is a known risk factor. CTS diagnosis is confirmed via nerve conduction studies (NCSs), which sometimes is expensive, and the electrical stimulation makes it an unpleasant diagnostic ... Read More

Original Article

4. Risk of recurrence after antiepileptic withdrawal: Was it a good decision or not?

Ozlem Yayici Koken; Ayse Aksoy; Ozge Kucur; Mehpare Kafali

Volume 20, Issue 2 , Spring 2021, Pages 78-85

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v20i2.6743

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to identify the demographic-clinical variables affecting idiopathic epilepsy (IE) [called genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE)] recurrence and determine cut-off values that can be used in pediatric neurology practice for children with IE/GGE. Methods: A total of 250 ... Read More

Original Article

5. Medical history risk factors in primary progressive multiple sclerosis: A case-control study

Hossein Maroufi; Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi; Hossein Rezaei-Aliabadi; Mohammad Ali Sahraian; Sharareh Eskandarieh

Volume 20, Issue 2 , Spring 2021, Pages 86-94

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v20i2.6744

Abstract

Background: The association betweenmedical history and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) development has not been well documented in the pertinent literature.The possible association between 23 medical diseases and PPMS occurrence was assessed in the present study. Methods: In order to figure ... Read More

Original Article

6. The comparison of post-dural puncture headache treatment with acetaminophen-caffeine capsule and intravenous mannitol infusion: A randomized single-blind clinical trial

Ali Shahriari; Masoumeh Nataj-Majd; Maryam Khooshideh; Sepideh Salehi-Vaziri

Volume 20, Issue 2 , Spring 2021, Pages 95-101

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v20i2.6745

Abstract

Background: Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a common problem after spinal anesthesia. Depending on the severity of PDPH, there are both invasive and non-invasive treatments. Caffeine has been used for the treatment of PDPH since 1949, but the administration of mannitol is a novel management to ... Read More

Original Article

7. Rapid screening for generalized anxiety disorder in patients with migraine

Fatemeh Veisy; Hojjatollah Farahani; Mansoureh Togha; Banafsheh Gharaee; Leila Janani; Asma Aghebati

Volume 20, Issue 2 , Spring 2021, Pages 102-110

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v20i2.6746

Abstract

Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) often remains undiagnosed in patients with migraine, while comorbidity of GAD with migraine is associated with increased dysfunction and risk of chronic migraine. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 7-item (GAD-7) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 2-item ... Read More

Clinical Notes

8. Trans-septal endoscopic management of transalar transsphenoidal meningoencephalocele in a neglected adult patient with severe visual loss and pituitary dysfunction

Mohamadreza Hajiabadi; Arash Heroabadi; Sepideh Tavakolizadeh; Abbas Amirjamshidi; Seyed Mousa Sadrhosseini

Volume 20, Issue 2 , Spring 2021, Pages 111-114

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v20i2.6747

Abstract

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Clinical Notes

9. Can multiple system atrophy clinically be misdiagnosed as corticobasal syndrome in the early stages?

Yasaman Saeedi; Maziar Emamikhah; Ali Shoeibi; Mohammad Rohani

Volume 20, Issue 2 , Spring 2021, Pages 115-117

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v20i2.6748

Abstract

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Neuroimage/Video

10. Imaging highlights of anterior spinal cord infarction: Owl’s eye sign

Kiran Kumar Ramineni; Sai Satish Kandraju; Ravi Kanth Jakkani; Surender Alwala

Volume 20, Issue 2 , Spring 2021, Pages 118-119

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v20i2.6749

Abstract

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1. Guillain-Barre syndrome in patients with coronavirus disease-2019: Report of six cases and review of literature

Ali Asghar Okhovat; Behnaz Ansari; Helia Hemasian; Bahram Haghi-Ashtiani; Soroor Advani; Bentolhoda Ziaadini; Siamak Abdi; Hajir Sikaroudi; Shahriar Nafissi; Farzad Fatehi

Volume 19, Issue 3 , Summer 2020, , Pages 122-130

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v19i3.5425

Abstract

Background: Few studies have reported the association of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection. In this study, we reported GBS in six patients infected with COVID-19 and reviewed all existing literature about GBS in association with COVID-19. Methods: This study ... Read More

2. A randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of a mediterranean-like diet in patients with multiple sclerosis-associated cognitive impairments and fatigue

Soodeh Razeghi-Jahromi; Rozita Doosti; Zeinab Ghorbani; Roghayyeh Saeedi; Maryam Abolhasani; Naeemeh Akbari; Fatemeh Cheraghi-Serkani; Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi; Amirreza Azimi; Mansoureh Togha; Mohammad Ali Sahraian

Volume 19, Issue 3 , Summer 2020, , Pages 112-121

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v19i3.5424

Abstract

Background: Among multiple sclerosis (MS) related symptoms and complications, fatigue might impact roughly 90% of patients. Decline in cognitive function is one of the other complications that occur in the first years after disease onset. The Mediterranean diet is one of the well-known anti-inflammatory ... Read More Background: Among multiple sclerosis (MS) related symptoms and complications, fatigue might impact roughly 90% of patients. Decline in cognitive function is one of the other complications that occur in the first years after disease onset. The Mediterranean diet is one of the well-known anti-inflammatory dietary approaches. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of a modified Mediterranean-like diet on cognitive changes and fatigue levels in comparison with a conventional standard diet over a 1-year follow-up. Methods: In the current single-blind randomized controlled trial, 34 MS patients in the Mediterranean- like diet group and 38 patients in the standard healthy diet group were studied for 1 year. The dietary interventions were modified each month by an expert nutritionist. MS-associated fatigue level was evaluated using the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS). Cognitive assessment was also performed using Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in MS (MACFIMS). Results: Intergroup ‎comparisons demonstrated that after considering confounding variables in ANCOVA, fatigue scores appeared significantly lower in patients who were treated with the Mediterranean-like diet than those in the standard healthy diet group [Mean 95% confidence interval (CI)}: 33.93 (32.97-34.89) and 37.98 (36.99-38.97), respectively; P < 0.001]. However, the intergroup ‎analysis of cognitive status only showed a difference in the mean score of Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) subtest of the MACFIMS. The BVMT-R‎ was higher among standard healthy diet patients compared to the Mediterranean-like diet group after the intervention following adjustment for covariates [Mean (95% CI): 23.73 (21.88-25.57) and 20.56 (18.60-22.51), respectively; P = 0.020]. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of this study highlighted the higher protective effects of the Mediterranean-like diet against MS-related fatigue than the standard healthy diet. However, no significant improvement was observed in the cognitive status of MS patients after a 1-year treatment with the Mediterranean-like diet. More randomized clinical trials with larger sample sizes are needed to elucidate the effects of dietary modifications on MS-associated symptoms and complications.

3. A history of the path towards imaging of the brain: From skull radiography through cerebral angiography

Haris Kamal; Edward J. Fine; Banafsheh Shakibajahromi; Ashkan Mowla

Volume 19, Issue 3 , Summer 2020, , Pages 131-137

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v19i3.5426

Abstract

This publication reviews the steps in the path towards obtaining a complete image of the brain. Up to the 1920s, plain X-ray films could demonstrate only calcified tumors, shifts in midline position of a calcified pineal gland due to a mass in the cranium, or foreign metallic objects within the skull. ... Read More This publication reviews the steps in the path towards obtaining a complete image of the brain. Up to the 1920s, plain X-ray films could demonstrate only calcified tumors, shifts in midline position of a calcified pineal gland due to a mass in the cranium, or foreign metallic objects within the skull. Walter Dandy reported in 1918 that he visualized cerebral ventricles by introducing air as a contrast agent through a trocar into one of the occipital lobes or the right frontal horn of the ventricular system. Dandy localized lesions that distorted or shifted the ventricles. In 1920, Dandy placed air by lumbar puncture into the spinal subarachnoid space that could visualize the brain and entire ventricles. Antonio Egas Moniz with the assistance of his neurosurgeon colleague, Almeida Lima, obtained X-ray images of cerebral arteries of dogs and decapitated human heads from corpses after injecting strontium bromide into their carotid arteries. Satisfied by these experiments, Moniz injected strontium bromide directly into carotid arteries of five patients which failed to show intracranial vessels. In the sixth patient, intracranial arteries were outlined but that patient died of cerebral thrombosis presumably due to the hyper-osmolality of that contrast agent. Finally, on June 18, 1927, Moniz injected 22% sodium iodine into a 20-year-old man and obtained clear visualization of his carotid artery and intracerebral branches after temporarily occluding the artery with a ligature. Direct percutaneous puncture of the cervical carotid artery remained the primary technique unto the 1960s to visualize intracranial blood vessels until Seldinger’s technique was introduced in 1953. Computerized axial tomography (CAT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) replaced cerebral arteriography for localizing tumors and epidural or subdural hemorrhage. However, angiography is used currently for embolization of aneurysms and removal of thrombi or emboli in patients with acute stroke.

4. Estimating quality of life in a headache referral population based on Migraine disability assessment scale and headache impact test

Mansoureh Togha; Maral Seyed-Ahadi; Elham Jafari; Zahra Vahabi; Fereshteh Naderi-Behdani; Somayeh Nasergivehchi; Samaneh Haghighi; Zeinab Ghorbani; Fatemeh Farham; Seyed Mohammad Hassan Paknejad; Pegah Rafiee

Volume 19, Issue 2 , Spring 2020, , Pages 76-84

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/cjn.v19i2.4944

Abstract

Background: Headache is among the most common disabling neurologic disorders. We measured quality of life in chronic migraine (CM) and episodic migraine (EM), stratified by medication overuse headache (MOH) and presence of aura. Methods: In this observational study, conducted from January 2016 to December ... Read More

5. Complications of therapeutic plasma exchange in patients with neurological disorders

Mahdieh Afzali; Shahram Oveisgharan; Sahebeh Rajabkhah; Siamak Abdi

Volume 19, Issue 1 , Winter 2020, , Pages 8-12

http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ijnl.v19i1.3282

Abstract

Background: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is the treatment of choice for many neurologic disorders. The safety of this procedure is a major concern for physicians. The aim of this study was to determine the complications of TPE in patients with neurologic disorders at a tertiary referral hospital. ... Read More

Original Article

1. Electrophysiological studies in patients with seropositive/seronegative myasthenia gravis

Zahra Vahabi; Ferdos Nazari; Farzad Fatehi; Valiolah Bayegi; Zahra Saffarian; Fatemeh Saffarian; Shahriar Nafissi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 17 August 2021

Abstract

Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) affects the neuromuscular transmission, causing fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigue. This study is carried out with the aim to study the electrophysiologic findings of different subtypes of MG referred to our center in Tehran, Iran. Methods: All patients with MG ... Read More Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) affects the neuromuscular transmission, causing fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigue. This study is carried out with the aim to study the electrophysiologic findings of different subtypes of MG referred to our center in Tehran, Iran. Methods: All patients with MG presenting to neurology department of Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences were enrolled. Clinically, patients with MG were categorized as ocular vs. generalized. The acetylcholine receptor (Ach-R) and muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (anti-MuSK) antibodies were performed. Repetitive Nerve Stimulation (RNS) was performed using the standard method, with supramaximal stimulation of muscles at the 3 Hz frequency by surface electrode at rest. Abductor pollicis brevis (APB) (median nerve), anconeus (radial nerve), trapezius (accessory nerve), and nasalis (facial nerve) muscles were studied in all patients. Single fiber electromyography (SFEMG) was performed by standard method. Results: 196 seropositive patients with MG were included in the study. In electrophysiological studies, RNS was performed for 146 patients of Ach-R-Ab positive MG, with positive results in 110 patients. In addition, SFEMG was conducted for 8 patients with negative RNS, which resulted in 7 positive tests. Among 23 patients with anti-MuSK-positive MG, RNS was performed for 16 patients, with positive results in 11 patients. The 5 remaining patients with negative RNS test were studied by SFEMG, 4 of whom had positive results. APB compound muscle action potential (CMAP) decrementation significantly correlated with Ach-R-Ab positive MG (P < 0.03). Conclusion: This finding can support the hypothesis that the selection of muscles in electrodignostic study would be important. The electrodiagnostic studies are a good and non-invasive diagnostic tool for MG, and a combination of different distal, proximal, and facial muscles can increase the overall sensitivity of the test.

Original Article

2. Evaluation of rivaroxaban versus warfarin for the treatment of cerebral vein thrombosis: The first case-control blinded study

Fariborz Khorvash; Mohammad Javad Farajpour-Khanaposhtani; Helia Hemasian; Mohammad Saadatnia

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 18 July 2021

Abstract

Background: Anticoagulation therapy following cerebral vein thrombosis (CVT) can improve mortality and morbidity. Vitamin K antagonists are currently the routine oral anticoagulant used for CVT; while by introduction of rivaroxaban, a direct factor Xa inhibitor, the attentions have been deviated toward ... Read More

Original Article

3. Whole grains and legumes consumption in association with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder odds

Nasim Rezaeimanesh; Shadi Ariyanfar; Mohammad Ali Sahraian; Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi; Zeinab Ghorbani; Soodeh Razegh-Jahromi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 31 July 2021

Abstract

Background: The environmental risk factors of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are not fully specified.Regarding the evidence on the possible protective effects of whole grains and legumes against inflammatory disorders, we examined the association between the mentioned dietary components ... Read More

Original Article

4. Prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with neuromyelitis optica in Isfahan, Iran, and a review on recent reports and literature

Masoud Etemadifar; Mehri Salari; Zahra Aminzade; Sara Ebrahimi; Sepand Tehrani-Fateh

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 17 July 2021

Abstract

Background: Despite many studies, it is still unclear how patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) would respond to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a research on prevalence of COVID-19 in patients with NMOSD in Isfahan, Iran. We have also reviewed the recent publications ... Read More

Original Article

5. Cost-effectiveness of ocrelizumab for treatment of Iranian patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis

Nayyereh Ayati; Saeed Taheri; Mohammad Ali Sahraian; Shekoufeh Nikfar

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 24 July 2021

Abstract

Background: The current study desired to conduct an economic analysis on ocrelizumab (OCR), a new relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS) treatment strategy, in comparison to natalizumab (NTL), as one of the mostly-used disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in Iran. Methods: A 31-health-state Markov model, based ... Read More

Original Article

6. Myasthenia gravis and coronavirus disease 2019: A report from Iran

Masoud Etemadifar; Mahsa Akafzadeh-Savari; Mehri Salari; Amirhossein Akhavan Sigari; Sara Ebrahimi-Pelarti; Nahad Sedaghat; Koorosh Etemad

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 01 July 2021

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly and has affected millions of people worldwide. Comorbid diseases have complicated the course of infection and increased mortality. Myasthenia gravis (MG) affects the neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) and can compromise respiratory muscle ... Read More

Review Article

7. Environmental risk factors of multiple sclerosis in the Middle East and North Africa region: A systematic review

Hossein Maroufi; Seyyed Hosein Mortazavi; Mohammad Ali Sahraian; Sharareh Eskandarieh

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 21 August 2021

Abstract

Background: The environmental factors play a role as risk factors of multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed at gathering environmental risk factors of MS in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Methods: We used MEDLINE and EMBASE databases by a systematic review method. Out of a total of 123 studies, ... Read More

Clinical Notes

8. Beta-thalassemia intermedia with ischemic transients misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis: A case report

Fereshteh Ghadiri; Mohammad Ali Sahraian; Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 03 August 2021

Abstract

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Clinical Notes

9. Myasthenia gravis as a rare complication of graft-versus-host disease following allogenic bone marrow transplantation

Reza Boostani; Naghmeh Sadat Taheri

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 04 August 2021

Abstract

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Number of Volumes	11
Number of Issues	40
Number of Articles	446
Number of Contributors	1,419

Volume 20 (2021)

Volume 19 (2020)

Volume 18 (2019)

Volume 17 (2018)

Volume 16 (2017)

Volume 15 (2016)

Volume 14 (2015)

Volume 13 (2014)

Volume 12 (2013)

Volume 11 (2012)

Volume 10 (2011)

1. Comparison of ultrasound findings in Guillain-Barre syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy for differential diagnosis

Abstract

2. Factors associated with perceived social support of patients with multiple sclerosis

Abstract

3. Diagnostic value of high-frequency ultrasound in carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy: A case-control study

Abstract

4. Risk of recurrence after antiepileptic withdrawal: Was it a good decision or not?

Abstract

5. Medical history risk factors in primary progressive multiple sclerosis: A case-control study

Abstract

6. The comparison of post-dural puncture headache treatment with acetaminophen-caffeine capsule and intravenous mannitol infusion: A randomized single-blind clinical trial

Abstract

7. Rapid screening for generalized anxiety disorder in patients with migraine

Abstract

8. Trans-septal endoscopic management of transalar transsphenoidal meningoencephalocele in a neglected adult patient with severe visual loss and pituitary dysfunction

Abstract

9. Can multiple system atrophy clinically be misdiagnosed as corticobasal syndrome in the early stages?

Abstract

10. Imaging highlights of anterior spinal cord infarction: Owl’s eye sign

Abstract

1. Guillain-Barre syndrome in patients with coronavirus disease-2019: Report of six cases and review of literature

Abstract

2. A randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of a mediterranean-like diet in patients with multiple sclerosis-associated cognitive impairments and fatigue

Abstract

3. A history of the path towards imaging of the brain: From skull radiography through cerebral angiography

Abstract

4. Estimating quality of life in a headache referral population based on Migraine disability assessment scale and headache impact test

Abstract

5. Complications of therapeutic plasma exchange in patients with neurological disorders

Abstract

1. Electrophysiological studies in patients with seropositive/seronegative myasthenia gravis

Abstract

2. Evaluation of rivaroxaban versus warfarin for the treatment of cerebral vein thrombosis: The first case-control blinded study

Abstract

3. Whole grains and legumes consumption in association with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder odds

Abstract

4. Prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with neuromyelitis optica in Isfahan, Iran, and a review on recent reports and literature

Abstract

5. Cost-effectiveness of ocrelizumab for treatment of Iranian patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis

Abstract

6. Myasthenia gravis and coronavirus disease 2019: A report from Iran

Abstract

7. Environmental risk factors of multiple sclerosis in the Middle East and North Africa region: A systematic review

Abstract

8. Beta-thalassemia intermedia with ischemic transients misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis: A case report

Abstract

9. Myasthenia gravis as a rare complication of graft-versus-host disease following allogenic bone marrow transplantation

Abstract

Indexing and Abstracting

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